Bacterial and Fungal Pathogen Synergetics after Co-infection in the Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Minal S. Dandve
Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Institute of Biosciences and Technology, N-6 CIDCO, Main Campus, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431003, India.
Sopan Ganpatrao Wagh *
Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Institute of Biosciences and Technology, N-6 CIDCO, Main Campus, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431003, India.
Prachi R. Bhagat
Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Institute of Biosciences and Technology, N-6 CIDCO, Main Campus, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431003, India.
Kiran Pawar
Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Institute of Biosciences and Technology, N-6 CIDCO, Main Campus, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431003, India.
Sarika A. Timake
Department of Entomology, VNMK University, Parbhani, MS, 431401, India.
Abhijeet A. Daspute
Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 5011193, Japan.
Manoj Baliram Pohare
Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important staple grains in the world and the leading source of calories, production is limited by biotic stress. There is a number of pathogen attacks on wheat crops, depending on environmental conditions. In some cases, more than one crop pathogen attack leads to higher damage or decrease susceptibility. There are very few studies in the field of multiple pathogen interactions; in this study, we analyzed the co-infectionof wheat with fungal and bacterial pathogens. Field isolated Xanthomonas translucens and Xanthomonas compestris bacteria have been used against GM-322 and PDKV varieties co-infected with Fusarium fungus spp. In our experiment, we used Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equitus. Compared to the combined effect of the fungus and bacteria, we measured the length and width of the infected leaf part. We have observed that there is more susceptibility to X. compestris and F. graminearium in the GM-322 wheat variety. The second susceptible cvs was PDKV when we co-infected F. oxysporum and then X. translucens fungal and bacterial infected symptom analysis showed yellow stripes on the leaf surface of the wheat crop. We observed head blight in wheat when it was infected with F. graminearum and X. compestris. As a result, we concluded that varietal susceptibility also depends on co-infection pathogen attacks and their synergetic interaction.
Keywords: Wheat, pathogen interaction, Xanthomonas translucens, Xanthomonas compestris, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum.