Immunogenicity Studies of Various Experimental Vaccines in Chickens
Angel Justiz Vaillant *
Department of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, the University of the West Indies-St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Patrick E. Akpaka
Department of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, the University of the West Indies-St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In this paper, the main objective was to raise chickens’ antibodies against three crucial public health microorganisms: the human immunodeficiency virus-1, Salmonella spp, and Staphylococcus aureus. Immunogens were prepared from the said microorganisms. Chickens were vaccinated either orally or intramuscularly. After a booster immunization, mostly eggs were collected and assess for the presence of specific antibodies. The most important results were the production of a large amount of anti-HIV antibodies in chicken’s eggs, and also the synthesis of anti-protein a antibodies with the ability to inhibit the growth of S. aureus in vitro and to serve as anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies with the capacity of neutralizing the original antigen. Enzyme- linked immune absorbent assays detected the presence of these antibodies as anti-Salmonella antibodies that were critical in reducing the bacterial load in the stomach and caeca compared with a control group. The vaccines were effective and safe, but more laboratory work, and economics have to be carried out to start a human trial.
Keywords: Microbiology, vaccinology, anti-idiotypic antibodies, chickens, protein purification