Respiratory Burst Enzymes and Oxidant-antioxidant Status in Nigerian Children with Sickle Cell Disease
Ayodele Adelakun
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Olumide Ajani
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Temitope Ogunleye
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Elizabeth Disu
Department of Paediatrics, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria
Ayokulehin Kosoko
Institute of Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Ganiyu Arinola *
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: To measure respiratory burst enzymes, pro-oxidants, antioxidants and red cell indices in Nigerian children with sickle cell disease (HbSS) below five years of age and compared with apparently healthy children with normal haemoglobin (HbAA).
Method: A total of 45 subjects were recruited which included 23 children (age range 10 – 48 months) with HbSS and 22 children (age- and sex- matched) with HbAA. Blood samples were collected and red cell indices were determined using automated haematology analyser while serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidise (GSH-Px) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were measured using ELISA kits. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione S transferase (GST), catalase (Cat), xanthine oxidase (XO) and glutathione (GSH) were measured with colorimetric techniques. MPO, SOD and Cat represented respiratory burst enzymes; MDA, H2O2 and XO were measured as pro-oxidants while GSH, GST and GSH-Px were the measured antioxidants.
Results: Mean concentration of malondialdehyde was significantly reduced (5.56±1.12nmol/L vs. 6.46±1.11nmol/L, P=.04) in HbSS children compared with HbAA children. Similarly, mean serum activity of myeloperoxidase in HbSS children was significantly reduced compared with HbAA children (66.12±13.34U/mL vs 77.02±13.54U/mL, P=.03). However, there were no significant differences in mean concentration of serum glutathione, hydrogen peroxide; serum activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, xanthine oxidase and glutathione S transferase in HbSS children compared with HbAA children
Conclusion: HbSS children in this population did not demonstrate raised oxidative stress.
Keywords: Antioxidants, free radicals, respiratory burst, sickle cell disease, children