Characterization of Solid State Fermentation Culture Conditions for Growth and Mananase Production by Aspergillus niger USM F4 on Rice Husk in Tray System
Darah Ibrahim
Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Hapsari Puspitaloka
Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Rashidah Abdul Rahim
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Lim Sheh Hong *
Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The study evaluated various fermentation conditions for the production of mannanase.
Place and Duration of Study: Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL), School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia between May 2009 and September 2010.
Methodology: Solid substrate fermentation was carried out in a shallow aluminum tray system (16 cm x 16 cm x 5 cm) for maximum mannanase production by Aspergillus niger USM F4 using rice husk as a substrate.
Results: The maximum mannanase activity of 119.91 U/g substrate was achieved on the 6 days of cultivation when the optimized physical parameters were used (substrate thickness of 1.6 cm or equivalent to 80 g of 0.75 mm rice husk, moisture content to substrate ratio of 1:1 (w/v), cultivation temperature at room temperature (28±2ºC), inoculum size of 6x106 spores/ml and in static condition (no mixing during the fermentation process). The results showed an increment of about 30.79% of mannanase activity after the optimization (119.91 U/g substrate) compared to before optimization (91.68 U/g substrate).
Conclusion: The results obtained from this study revealed that rice husk can be used as a substrate for mannanase production in solid state fermentation process.
Keywords: Mannanase, Aspergillus niger, rice husk, solid substrate fermentation (SSF)